薄膜電容與電解電容的區(qū)別主要在于本身的組成材料和特點(diǎn)，另外還有過(guò)壓承受能力方面、耐溫能力方面、安全性方面以及成本等多方面進(jìn)行綜合闡述。
The difference between thin-film capacitor and electrolytic capacitor mainly lies in its own material and characteristics. In addition, the over-voltage bearing capacity, temperature resistance, safety and cost are comprehensively elaborated.
薄膜電容是由金屬鋁等金屬箔的電極和塑料薄膜重疊卷繞而構(gòu)成的，薄膜電容的特點(diǎn)是無(wú)極性、絕緣阻抗高、頻率覆蓋范圍廣等。電解電容則是以金屬鋁或鉭作為正極，液體或固態(tài)電解質(zhì)等電材料作為負(fù)極，和中間金屬氧化膜電介質(zhì)組成的，電解電容的特點(diǎn)是體積大、單位體積容量大等。
Film capacitor is composed of metal foil electrode and plastic film, which is characterized by non polarity, high insulation impedance and wide frequency coverage. Electrolytic capacitor is composed of aluminum or tantalum as positive electrode, liquid or solid electrolyte and other electrical materials as negative electrode, and intermediate metal oxide film dielectric. The characteristics of electrolytic capacitor are large volume, large capacity per unit volume, etc.
?。?）過(guò)壓承受能力方面：薄膜電容比電解電容具有更強(qiáng)的過(guò)壓沖擊承受能力。
In terms of over-voltage withstand capacity, the thin-film capacitor has a stronger ability to withstand the overvoltage impact than the electrolytic capacitor.
?。?）耐溫能力方面：薄膜電容的耐溫范圍-40℃~-70℃，而電解電容在低溫下容易冷卻，安全系數(shù)低。
In terms of temperature resistance, the temperature tolerance range of thin film capacitor is - 40 ℃ ~ - 70 ℃, while electrolytic capacitor is easy to cool at low temperature and has low safety factor.
?。?）安全性方面：薄膜電容是無(wú)極性的，受環(huán)境影響小，而電解電容是有極性的，使用的過(guò)程中受環(huán)境的影響。
In terms of safety, the thin film capacitor is nonpolar and less affected by the environment, while the electrolytic capacitor is polar and affected by the environment in the process of use.
?。?）成本方面：薄膜電容易于串并聯(lián)，成本低，而電解電容存在爆炸的可能性，加大了成本。
In terms of cost, the thin film capacitor is easy to be connected in series and parallel, and the cost is low, while the possibility of explosion exists in the electrolytic capacitor, which increases the cost.
方面 | 電解電容（以鋁電解電容） | 薄膜電容 |
壽命 | 幾千小時(shí) | 一般10W小時(shí)小時(shí)以上 |
誤差 | 20% | 5%或10% |
體積（相同耐壓與容量） | 大 | 小 |
價(jià)格（相同耐壓與容量） | 便宜 | 較貴 |
性能特性（過(guò)壓承受/耐溫能力） | 弱 | 強(qiáng) |
容量范圍 | 可以達(dá)到很高容量 | 容量較?。?/span>10uF以下） |
極性 | 有 | 無(wú) |
防爆設(shè)計(jì) | 有 | 無(wú) |
儲(chǔ)存條件 | 1~2年 | 受環(huán)境影響小，不受限制 |
由此可見(jiàn)，不同的電路設(shè)計(jì)中就要選擇不同的電容元器件，在高頻和高脈沖的交流電路中、要求性能穩(wěn)點(diǎn)安全的電路中、工業(yè)產(chǎn)品中用薄膜電容較有優(yōu)勢(shì)，而在大容量、直流電路、低頻電路中，電解電容比較好。
It can be seen that different capacitor components should be selected in different circuit designs. In high frequency and high pulse AC circuits, circuits requiring stable point safety and industrial products, thin film capacitors have advantages, while electrolytic capacitors are better in large capacity, DC circuits and low frequency circuits.